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• Stainless Steel :-
Stainless steel is defined as a steel alloy with a minimum of 10% chromium content by mass. Stainless steel does not stain, corrode, or rust as easily as ordinary steel (it stains less), but it is not stain-proof. It is also called corrosion-resistant steel. Stainless steel also contains varying amounts of Carbon, Silicon and Manganese. Other elements such as Nickel and Molybdenum may be added to impart other useful properties such as enhanced formability and increased corrosion resistance.There are different grades and surface finishes of stainless steel to suit the environment to which the material will be subjected in its lifetime.
Stainless steel’s resistance to corrosion and staining, low maintenance, relative inexpensive, and familiar luster make it an ideal base material for a host of commercial applications.
• What is stainless steel used for?
Stainless steels of various kinds are used in thousands of applications. The following gives a flavour of the full range : -
Domestic : - cutlery, sinks, saucepans, washing machine drums, microwave oven liners, razor blades
Architectural/Civil Engineering : - cladding, handrails, door and window fittings, street furniture, structural sections, reinforcement bar, lighting columns, lintels, masonry supports
Transport : - exhaust systems, car trim/grilles, road tankers, ship containers, ships chemical tankers, refuse vehicles
Chemical/Pharmaceutical : - pressure vessels, process piping.
Medical : - Surgical instruments, surgical implants, MRI scanners.
Water : - Water and sewage treatment, water tubing, hot water tanks.
• Reasons to Use Stainless : -
A. Cleanliness is maintained in the product being transported.
B. Prevention of contamination of the product from small particles or rust & scale.
C. Resists corrosive attack from hundreds of industrial and chemical solutions or mixtures.
D. Greater strength at elevated temperatures.
Example: At 1000 deg. F, strength for weld fittings or pipe is based on:
A234 Carbon Steel (WPB) has allowable stress = 2,500 PSI
A403 Stainless (WP304) has allowable stress = 13,750 PSI
A403 Stainless (WP316) has allowable stress = 15,300 PSI
E. Cryogenic service (superior mechanical properties at sub-zero temperatures.)
F. Retains lustrous appearance Indefinitely
• Basics of Stainless Steel Pipe, Valves, Fittings & Flanges :-
Purpose: Pipe, valves & fittings are used for processing, transporting and storage of fluids, gasses and slurries.
Uses: Found in nearly every house, office building, factory, petrochemical & chemical plant refinery, process industry, brewery, food processing, marine, power generation, sewage & water treatment, pulp & paper mills, etc.
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